{"id":335068,"date":"2026-10-12T14:07:46","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T10:07:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/?p=335068"},"modified":"2026-10-12T14:10:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T10:10:30","slug":"dodo-mauritius-extinct-bird","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/en\/dodo-mauritius-extinct-bird\/","title":{"rendered":"The Dodo of Mauritius: What We Really Know About the Extinct Bird"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The dodo (<em>Raphus cucullatus<\/em>) was a large, flightless ground bird found only on Mauritius. Dutch sailors first mention it in 1598, and the last confirmed sighting dates from 1662. It probably lasted a little longer, but less than a century after its discovery it was gone. No feathers or skin survive. What remains is bone, one dried head kept in Europe, 17th-century drawings, and a skeleton on display in Port Louis.<\/p>\n<h2>What was the dodo, really?<\/h2>\n<p>It was a giant pigeon. Genetic studies place its closest living relative in the Nicobar pigeon, and its closest kin overall in the Rodrigues solitaire, also extinct. On an island with no land predators, its ancestors lost the ability to fly and fed on the ground.<\/p>\n<p>From the bones, the dodo stood roughly 63 to 75 cm tall. Its weight is less certain: studies estimate about 10.6 to 17.5 kg for a wild bird. The picture of a fat, clumsy animal comes from drawings made in Europe, probably of birds overfed in captivity. Today most researchers see it as well suited to its habitat.<\/p>\n<p>What it looked like in life is still uncertain. The 17th-century portraits differ widely, and only a few were drawn from a living bird.<\/p>\n<h2>When did the dodo go extinct?<\/h2>\n<p>Four dates come up again and again, and it helps to keep them apart:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1598: the first written mention, in the log of a Dutch expedition;<\/li>\n<li>1662: the last confirmed sighting, by the shipwrecked sailor Volkert Evertsz, who describes birds caught on an islet off Mauritius;<\/li>\n<li>1681: the year given by the Government of Mauritius on its &ldquo;Explore Mauritius&rdquo; page, which says the last dodo was killed then;<\/li>\n<li>1690: the extinction date estimated in a statistical study published in <em>Nature<\/em> in 2003 (David Roberts and Andrew Solow).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>That study points out that the dodo was already very rare in 1662, that the sighting before it dated from 1638, and that an escaped slave claimed to have seen one in 1674. The 1681 and 1690 dates are therefore estimates, not recorded facts. In practice, &ldquo;around 1662&rdquo; is the date most often used, and &ldquo;before the end of the 17th century&rdquo; is the safe wording.<\/p>\n<h2>Why did it disappear?<\/h2>\n<p>Several causes added up. Sailors hunted it. Rats, pigs and monkeys that arrived on ships ate its eggs, which were laid on the ground. The forest it lived in shrank as settlers moved in. Some accounts add that escaped slaves hiding in mountain caves kept hunting it to survive.<\/p>\n<p>Its extinction went almost unnoticed at the time. It later became one of the first well-known cases of a species wiped out by people. To see how this period fits into the island&#8217;s story, read our article on the <a href=\"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/en\/history-of-mauritius\/\">history of Mauritius<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Mare aux Songes: the swamp where its bones turned up<\/h2>\n<p>Most dodo remains come from one place, a swamp in the south-east of the island called Mare aux Songes. In the 19th century the British schoolteacher George Clark dug there and supplied bones to many European museums. With the methods of the day, nearly all the dodo skeletons on show around the world are composites assembled from several birds. Mauritius has since banned the export and removal of dodo bones.<\/p>\n<p>More recent digs by a Dutch and Mauritian team brought up hundreds of dodo bones, including a complete beak and a leg from a single bird, along with remains of other lost species: a large parrot, a giant skink and fruit bats. No young dodo has been found in the swamp, which leaves several explanations open for how the bird bred.<\/p>\n<h2>Seeing a dodo in Mauritius: the Natural History Museum in Port Louis<\/h2>\n<p>The Natural History Museum is on the ground floor of the Mauritius Institute, a Port Louis building put up in 1880. It is the oldest museum in the country. It has a gallery devoted to the dodo, with everyday objects that carry the bird (stamps, banknotes, matchboxes) and a short film on the Mare aux Songes excavations.<\/p>\n<p>Its best-known piece is an articulated skeleton found by Louis &Eacute;tienne Thirioux, an amateur naturalist from Port Louis, in the early 20th century. It did not come out of the Mare aux Songes: sources place it in a hideout or cave near Port Louis, and they disagree on the exact year. Tourist directories also list different opening hours, so confirm the opening and the state of the display with the Mauritius Museums Council before you go.<\/p>\n<p>The endemic plants and birds that did survive are easier to see elsewhere: <a href=\"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/en\/birdwatching-mauritius\/\">where to see endemic birds<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/en\/ebony-forest-chamarel-mauritius\/\">Ebony Forest in Chamarel<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/en\/pamplemousses-botanical-garden-visit\/\">Pamplemousses garden<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>The dodo and the tambalacoque: a myth worth correcting<\/h2>\n<p>A popular story says the tambalacoque, an endemic tree also called the &ldquo;dodo tree&rdquo;, was dying out because its seeds needed to pass through a dodo&#8217;s gut to germinate. It comes from the ecologist Stanley Temple, who argued in 1973 that only 13 trees were left, all about 300 years old.<\/p>\n<p>The claim is disputed. In 1991 Wendy Strahm and Anthony Cheke pointed out that the tree has kept germinating since the dodo vanished and that several hundred remain, not 13. Other lost animals, such as the giant <em>Cylindraspis<\/em> tortoises, may also have spread its seeds. The dodo probably played a part in Mauritius&#8217;s forest; it is wrong to say the tree could not do without it.<\/p>\n<h2>A symbol that stayed in Mauritian life<\/h2>\n<p>The dodo is one of the two supporters of the Mauritian coat of arms, opposite a deer. It appears on stamps and banknotes, and sports clubs and companies use it too. It also gave its name to the <a href=\"https:\/\/real-estate-mauritius.mu\/en\/trail-running-mauritius\/\">Dodo Trail<\/a>, a running race on the island. Outside Mauritius, much of its fame comes from <em>Alice&#8217;s Adventures in Wonderland<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h2>Sources and checks<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/govmu.org\/EN\/Pages\/exploremauritius.aspx\">Government of Mauritius<\/a>: &ldquo;Explore Mauritius&rdquo; page (dodo, extinction, causes)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/426245a\">Nature<\/a>: D. L. Roberts and A. R. Solow, &ldquo;When did the dodo become extinct?&rdquo;, 2003 (abstract)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.outlooktraveller.com\/explore\/features\/game-old-bird\">Outlook Traveller<\/a>: feature on the Mare aux Songes excavations<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smart-news\/rare-dodo-skeleton-goes-sale-180960269\/\">Smithsonian Magazine<\/a>: composite skeletons and George Clark&#8217;s digs<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dodo\">Wikipedia<\/a>: overview of the dodo, size, tambalacoque, Thirioux<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Natural_History_Museum,_Port_Louis\">Wikipedia<\/a>: Natural History Museum, Port Louis, citing the Mauritius Museums Council<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/artessere.com\/port-louis-natural-history-museum\">Artessere<\/a>: description of the museum&#8217;s galleries<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/webimage\/countrys\/africa\/mauritius\/musymbols.htm\">WorldAtlas<\/a>: national symbols of Mauritius<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When the dodo died out, why, where its bones were found and where to see its skeleton in Port Louis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":335069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2219,2217],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-335068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mauritius-history","category-mauritius-nature-ocean"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.9 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Dodo of Mauritius: What We Really Know About the Extinct Bird - Westimmo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When did the Mauritian dodo die out, why, where were its bones found, and where can you see its skeleton in Port Louis? 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